With the aim of characterizing from a morphological and aromatic point of view,C. biflorus Mill., a trial was carried out in 2016 collecting flowers of wild C. biflorus in three sites of southern Italy (Randazzo, CT; Cesarò, ME; Samo, RC) with differentaltitudes (930, 970 and 1271 m a.s.l., respectively), environmental and climaticconditions. Perigone external segments, stigmas and anthers were measured andperigones, stigmas and anthers were weighed. Concerning the phytochemicalinvestigation, we have focused our interest toward the aromatic profile of stigmas.Therefore, we have adopted the same procedure applied in the saffron analyses, usingthe SPME methodology combined with GC-FID and GC-MS. In the three sites, the lengthof perigone external segments ranged from 29.7 to 34.5 mm, stigma length from 9.7 to11.7 mm and anthers from 10.5 to 11.7 mm. Unitary perigone dry weight ranged from27.8 to 36.5 mg, unitary stigmas dry weight from 0.6 to 1.0 mg, while anthers from 2.7to 4.5 mg. The heaviest stigmas were recorded in the high altitude environment, whilethe heaviest anthers in the intermediate environment. The analyses of the aromaticcomponents evidenced a similar profile for the samples: safranal (25-33%), α-isophorone (23-33%), ketoisophorone (10-14%) and 4-methylene isophorone (7-11%). Specifically, the samples collected in Randazzo and Cesarò, two neighbouringSicilian localities, appear similar, instead the sample collected in Samo shows somedifferences. This is a first report on the morphological and phytochemical analysis of this species, further analyses will be necessary to establish similarities with thesaffron and other wild Crocus species.

Morphological traits and aromatic profile of Crocus biflorus Mill.

SPAMPINATO, Giovanni;
2017-01-01

Abstract

With the aim of characterizing from a morphological and aromatic point of view,C. biflorus Mill., a trial was carried out in 2016 collecting flowers of wild C. biflorus in three sites of southern Italy (Randazzo, CT; Cesarò, ME; Samo, RC) with differentaltitudes (930, 970 and 1271 m a.s.l., respectively), environmental and climaticconditions. Perigone external segments, stigmas and anthers were measured andperigones, stigmas and anthers were weighed. Concerning the phytochemicalinvestigation, we have focused our interest toward the aromatic profile of stigmas.Therefore, we have adopted the same procedure applied in the saffron analyses, usingthe SPME methodology combined with GC-FID and GC-MS. In the three sites, the lengthof perigone external segments ranged from 29.7 to 34.5 mm, stigma length from 9.7 to11.7 mm and anthers from 10.5 to 11.7 mm. Unitary perigone dry weight ranged from27.8 to 36.5 mg, unitary stigmas dry weight from 0.6 to 1.0 mg, while anthers from 2.7to 4.5 mg. The heaviest stigmas were recorded in the high altitude environment, whilethe heaviest anthers in the intermediate environment. The analyses of the aromaticcomponents evidenced a similar profile for the samples: safranal (25-33%), α-isophorone (23-33%), ketoisophorone (10-14%) and 4-methylene isophorone (7-11%). Specifically, the samples collected in Randazzo and Cesarò, two neighbouringSicilian localities, appear similar, instead the sample collected in Samo shows somedifferences. This is a first report on the morphological and phytochemical analysis of this species, further analyses will be necessary to establish similarities with thesaffron and other wild Crocus species.
2017
Crocus biflorus; morphological traits; aromatic profile
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12318/3304
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