Historically a place of trade for the most ancient views, due to its morphology, the Mediterranean sea represented an economically closed area, in which almost all maritime commercial traffic was concentrated, which in that century had shown significant development. The waterways, thanks to the advantageous routes, are the fundamental stages for the passage and the stop in the ports. Prestigious cities of the past, in fact, were built in the coastal territories and developed through the ports. Today it represents the means of dialogue between ports and Europe. Italy, due to its centrality with respect to the Mediterranean Sea, its proximity to the African continent and "passage" for the routes that cross the Asian continent, offers a natural system of experimentation consisting of ports that insist on the territory and to which they are linked according to different approaches. For these reasons, from a strategic point of view, the Italian port system is favored in the process of handling goods, through new technologies and environmental standards, it is an opportunity for development for those ports, and the territories connected to them, which intend to adapt to requests. Today, ports are transformed due to the need to adapt to the new needs of maritime transport, in terms of receiving and sorting goods; they are the places of logistics, linked to the territory, they represent a necessary stage for the connection with the large international networks. For these reasons, ports are defined as city gates, with which they establish a relationship that makes them more or less linked to each other, impactful, active in terms of services, citizens and companies, and environmental sustainability. This creates an urban and territorial system closely connected between the city and the urbanized areas and ports, located within the centers or decentralized on the territory. If, on the one hand, the ports develop independently, on the other hand it is necessary that they collaborate with the city through an integrated planning dialogue. The primary role of maritime transport is that of interaction between cultures and territories. The revolution in the quantity of flows moved by sea and in the new routes for trade has made ports into great platforms that manage not only marine transport, but also land transport. Indeed, they connect the exchange goods arriving by sea through the major infrastructures and European corridors. In modern economies, the aforementioned fundamental objective has been transformed, developed both in terms of quality, in terms of technical development of terminals and carriers, and in terms of quantity, in terms of the number of goods transported. With the future of the modern era, in Europe, the most successful belt is the northern one, supported by the majestic ports of the Nothern Range. The Italian ports, compared to the large ports of the Nothern Range, are ineffective with respect to the required capacity and capacity; it is therefore necessary, through a system of alliances, not only between neighboring or connected ports, but above all between ports and cities, that the Italian port system can regain an important position in Europe. Ports acquire strength and centrality if they are a system. Northern Europe is not strong because there is Rotterdam, but because there are Rotterdam, Le Havre, Hamburg, on the net. The criterion of mutual reinforcement applies. The port system need therefore to be understood not as a point of arrival for goods, but as a place that engages economic development on the territory.

Storicamente luogo degli scambi per le più antiche popolazioni, per la sua morfologia, il mare Mediterraneo rappresentò un’area economicamente chiusa, in cui si concentrava la quasi totalità dei traffici commerciali marittimi, che proprio in quel secolo avevano subito un rilevante sviluppo . Le vie d’acqua, grazie ai vantaggiosi percorsi, trovano nei porti le tappe fondamentali per il passaggio e la sosta. Prestigiose città del passato, infatti, sono state edificate nei territori costieri e si sono sviluppate attraverso i porti. Oggi rappresenta il mezzo di interlocuzione tra i porti e l’Europa. L’Italia, per la centralità rispetto al Mar Mediterraneo, la vicinanza al continente africano e “di passaggio” per le tratte che attraversano il continente asiatico, offre un naturale sistema di sperimentazione costituito da porti che insistono sul territorio e al quale si legano secondo approcci differenti. Per questi motivi, dal punto di vista strategico, il sistema della portualità italiana è favorito nel processo di movimentazione delle merci, attraverso nuove tecnologie e standard ambientali, è un’occasione di sviluppo per quei porti, e i territori ad essi collegati, che intendono adeguarsi alle richieste. Oggi, i porti risultano trasformati per via della necessità di adattarsi alle nuove esigenze dei trasporti marittimi, in termini di ricezione e di smistamento delle merci; essi sono i luoghi della logistica, legati al territorio, rappresentano una tappa necessaria per la connessione con le grandi reti internazionali. Per questi motivi, i porti sono definiti come porte della città, con la quale stabiliscono un rapporto che li rende più o meno legati tra di essi, impattanti, attivi in materia di servizi, al cittadino e alle aziende, e di sostenibilità ambientale. Si crea così un sistema urbano e territoriale strettamente connesso tra la città e le zone urbanizzate e i porti, localizzati all’interno dei centri o decentrati sul territorio. Se da un lato, infatti, i porti si sviluppano in maniera autonoma, dall’altro è necessario che essi collaborino con la città attraverso una pianificazione integrata dialogante. Il ruolo primario dei trasporti marittimi è quello di interazione tra culture e territori. La rivoluzione del quantitativo di flussi spostati via mare e delle nuove vie per gli scambi ha reso i porti grandi piattaforme che gestiscono non solo il trasporto marino, ma anche quello terrestre. Essi collegano infatti le merci di scambio giunte via mare attraverso le grandi infrastrutture e i corridoi europei. Nelle moderne economie, il sopracitato obbiettivo fondamentale si è trasformato, sviluppatosi sia in termini qualitativi, di sviluppo tecnico dei terminal e dei vettori, che quantitativi, per numero di merci trasportate. I porti italiani, a paragone con i grandi porti del Nothern Range, risultano inefficaci rispetto alla capienza e alle capacità richieste; è necessario per cui, attraverso un sistema di alleanze, non solo fra porti limitrofi o collegati, ma soprattutto tra i porti e le città, che il sistema della portualità italiana possa riacquisire un’importante collocazione in Europa. I porti acquistano forza e centralità se sono sistema. Il nord Europa non è forte perché c’è Rotterdam, ma perché ci sono Rotterdam, Le Havre, Amburgo, in rete. Vige il criterio di rafforzamento reciproco . Il sistema dei porti è perciò da intendersi non come punto di arrivo delle merci, ma come luogo che innesta lo sviluppo economico sul territorio.

Città e porti nel Mediterraneo. Una gestione di pianificazione integrata nel contesto dei cambiamenti climatici / Bellamacina, Dora. - (2021 Apr 28).

Città e porti nel Mediterraneo. Una gestione di pianificazione integrata nel contesto dei cambiamenti climatici

Bellamacina, Dora
2021-04-28

Abstract

Historically a place of trade for the most ancient views, due to its morphology, the Mediterranean sea represented an economically closed area, in which almost all maritime commercial traffic was concentrated, which in that century had shown significant development. The waterways, thanks to the advantageous routes, are the fundamental stages for the passage and the stop in the ports. Prestigious cities of the past, in fact, were built in the coastal territories and developed through the ports. Today it represents the means of dialogue between ports and Europe. Italy, due to its centrality with respect to the Mediterranean Sea, its proximity to the African continent and "passage" for the routes that cross the Asian continent, offers a natural system of experimentation consisting of ports that insist on the territory and to which they are linked according to different approaches. For these reasons, from a strategic point of view, the Italian port system is favored in the process of handling goods, through new technologies and environmental standards, it is an opportunity for development for those ports, and the territories connected to them, which intend to adapt to requests. Today, ports are transformed due to the need to adapt to the new needs of maritime transport, in terms of receiving and sorting goods; they are the places of logistics, linked to the territory, they represent a necessary stage for the connection with the large international networks. For these reasons, ports are defined as city gates, with which they establish a relationship that makes them more or less linked to each other, impactful, active in terms of services, citizens and companies, and environmental sustainability. This creates an urban and territorial system closely connected between the city and the urbanized areas and ports, located within the centers or decentralized on the territory. If, on the one hand, the ports develop independently, on the other hand it is necessary that they collaborate with the city through an integrated planning dialogue. The primary role of maritime transport is that of interaction between cultures and territories. The revolution in the quantity of flows moved by sea and in the new routes for trade has made ports into great platforms that manage not only marine transport, but also land transport. Indeed, they connect the exchange goods arriving by sea through the major infrastructures and European corridors. In modern economies, the aforementioned fundamental objective has been transformed, developed both in terms of quality, in terms of technical development of terminals and carriers, and in terms of quantity, in terms of the number of goods transported. With the future of the modern era, in Europe, the most successful belt is the northern one, supported by the majestic ports of the Nothern Range. The Italian ports, compared to the large ports of the Nothern Range, are ineffective with respect to the required capacity and capacity; it is therefore necessary, through a system of alliances, not only between neighboring or connected ports, but above all between ports and cities, that the Italian port system can regain an important position in Europe. Ports acquire strength and centrality if they are a system. Northern Europe is not strong because there is Rotterdam, but because there are Rotterdam, Le Havre, Hamburg, on the net. The criterion of mutual reinforcement applies. The port system need therefore to be understood not as a point of arrival for goods, but as a place that engages economic development on the territory.
28-apr-2021
Settore ICAR/20 - TECNICA E PIANIFICAZIONE URBANISTICA
MORACI, Francesca
SANTINI, Adolfo
Doctoral Thesis
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12318/105325
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