The December 1908 earthquake wrought serious damage to the architectural patrimony of Reggio Calabria, but did not damage the rational, regular idea of the city. This idea had been conceived immediately after the 1783 earthquake by progressive exponents from the court of Ferdinand of Bourbon in the conviction that a rational re-foundation of the Calabrian cities destroyed by the earthquake could become the symbol for a re-birth of the poorest, least developed region of the Bourbon sovereignty. Reggio, in particular, which was neither as big as Messina (a city also much damaged by the earthquake), nor as small as many of the other towns of the province, was selected by Francesco Pignatelli, the authority responsible for the Calabrian re-construction, as the ideal site to experiment a radical urban change to contrast with the irregular form of the antique city and with the possibility of its integral conservation which was strenuously defended by the city’s inhabitants. The plan for re-construction, which was approved in 1785, was the fruit of a dialectical rapport between the will of Pignatelli to completely transform the city and the less invasive proposals of the architects Francesco La Vega and Antonio Winspeare, the major protagonists of the first phase of the grand re-construction of the southern Calabrian cities. Thanks to the adoption of many of the suggestions of La Vega and Winspeare, which were inspired by the most up-to-date European urban theories, the plan of Reggio elaborated by Giovanni Battista Mori, represents a case of extraordinary interest, both from the point of view of urban planning, as well as from the aspect of the experimentation of particular architectural typologies which range from traditional to those featuring anti-seismic technical innovations. Notwithstanding the slow realization of the plan due to economic difficulties and the traumatic events which engulfed the Borbonic reign leading up to the unification of Italy, it was possible to implement these valuable innovative projectural characteristics even into the modern era, thanks, also, to the work of little-known personages such as the architect Stefano Calabrò a native of Reggio, responsible for the re-construction of the city after the earthquake of 1908.
Il terremoto del dicembre 1908 arrecò gravi danni alla consistenza fisica del patrimonio edilizio di Reggio Calabria, ma non all’idea di città regolare e razionale che essa esprimeva. Tale idea era stata concepita subito dopo il terremoto del 1783 dagli esponenti più progressisti della corte di Ferdinando di Borbone nella convinzione che la rifondazione razionale delle città calabresi distrutte dal terremoto potesse essere il simbolo della rinascita della regione più disgraziata del regno. In particolare Reggio, né troppo grande come Messina (anch’essa molto danneggiata dal terremoto), né troppo piccola come gli altri centri della provincia, fu individuata da Francesco Pignatelli, responsabile straordinario della ricostruzione calabrese, come il luogo ideale per sperimentare un cambiamento urbanistico radicale in contrasto con la forma irregolare della città antica e con la possibilità della sua conservazione integrale difesa strenuamente dagli abitanti. Il piano di ricostruzione approvato nel 1785 fu il frutto del rapporto dialettico tra la volontà di completa trasformazione di Pignatelli e le proposte meno invasive degli architetti Francesco La Vega e Antonio Winspeare, i maggiori protagonisti della prima fase della grande ricostruzione delle città della Calabria meridionale. Grazie all’adozione di molti dei suggerimenti di La Vega e Winspeare ispirati dalle più moderne teorie europee, il piano di Reggio elaborato da Giovanni Battista Mori, rappresenta un caso di straordinario interesse, sia sotto l’aspetto della pianificazione urbana, sia sotto l’aspetto della sperimentazione di particolari tipologie architettoniche tra tradizione e innovazione tecnica antisismica. Il valore di tali caratteri progettuali riuscì a imporsi nonostante la lenta realizzazione del piano dovuta alle difficoltà economiche e agli eventi traumatici che investirono il regno borbonico prima dell’unità d’Italia − anche grazie all’opera di personaggi poco noti come l’architetto reggino Stefano Calabrò −, sopravvivendo anche nella città ricostruita dopo il terremoto del 1908.
Il “gran villaggio”. Reggio 1783-1855: all’origine della città moderna / Manfredi, Tommaso. - (2008), pp. 214-267.
Il “gran villaggio”. Reggio 1783-1855: all’origine della città moderna
MANFREDI, Tommaso
2008-01-01
Abstract
The December 1908 earthquake wrought serious damage to the architectural patrimony of Reggio Calabria, but did not damage the rational, regular idea of the city. This idea had been conceived immediately after the 1783 earthquake by progressive exponents from the court of Ferdinand of Bourbon in the conviction that a rational re-foundation of the Calabrian cities destroyed by the earthquake could become the symbol for a re-birth of the poorest, least developed region of the Bourbon sovereignty. Reggio, in particular, which was neither as big as Messina (a city also much damaged by the earthquake), nor as small as many of the other towns of the province, was selected by Francesco Pignatelli, the authority responsible for the Calabrian re-construction, as the ideal site to experiment a radical urban change to contrast with the irregular form of the antique city and with the possibility of its integral conservation which was strenuously defended by the city’s inhabitants. The plan for re-construction, which was approved in 1785, was the fruit of a dialectical rapport between the will of Pignatelli to completely transform the city and the less invasive proposals of the architects Francesco La Vega and Antonio Winspeare, the major protagonists of the first phase of the grand re-construction of the southern Calabrian cities. Thanks to the adoption of many of the suggestions of La Vega and Winspeare, which were inspired by the most up-to-date European urban theories, the plan of Reggio elaborated by Giovanni Battista Mori, represents a case of extraordinary interest, both from the point of view of urban planning, as well as from the aspect of the experimentation of particular architectural typologies which range from traditional to those featuring anti-seismic technical innovations. Notwithstanding the slow realization of the plan due to economic difficulties and the traumatic events which engulfed the Borbonic reign leading up to the unification of Italy, it was possible to implement these valuable innovative projectural characteristics even into the modern era, thanks, also, to the work of little-known personages such as the architect Stefano Calabrò a native of Reggio, responsible for the re-construction of the city after the earthquake of 1908.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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