The present PhD project is based on current issues related to the plant adaptation to climate change and can be summarized in two key words: multiple stresses and spatio-temporal responses of the plants. Owing to sessile nature, plants are continually exposed to the abiotic and biotic stresses which co-occur in nature. Until now, the plant responses to the single stress factor have been extensively studied. Conversely, the plant adaptation to the combined stress, real condition of the agro- and eco-systems, has been little addressed by the scientific community in the face of the specificity of metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms that are induced by the presence of such stressful combinations. Abiotic and biotic stresses, moreover, change in space and time, resulting in a patchy of stressful areas of the surrounding physical environment to which plants should be adapt. In such highly dynamic and heterogeneous environments, the plants adopted strategies based on the within-plant phenotypic plasticity characterized by high morpho-physiological and molecular variability both intra-radical (different root types) and -foliar (heterophyllia) which produce spatio-temporal components of responses (different nutrient and water uptake among and along the root axis, induction rate of defense systems, etc.). In this perspective, in order to understand the morpho-physiological and molecular responses of plants to combined stresses and how these responses occur at different spatial (location, age, root type) and temporal (temporal dynamics) scales, the present PhD project addressed these aspects in different case-study ranging from the adaptation of the rare and endemic Salvia ceratophylloides Ard. (Lamiaceae) to the plant-insect and root-soil interactions.
Il presente Progetto si fonda su ben affermate ed attuali problematiche inerenti l’adattamento delle piante ai cambiamenti climatici e può essere sintetizzato in due parole chiave: stress multipli e risposte spazio-temporali delle piante. A causa della loro natura sessile, le piante sono continuamente esposte agli stress sia abiotici sia biotici. Le risposte delle piante a tali fattori stressanti presi singolarmente sono stati estensivamente studiati. Viceversa, l’adattamento delle piante alla combinazione degli stress, condizione verosimile degli agro- ed eco-sistemi, è stata poco affrontata dalla comunità scientifica a fronte anche della specificità delle vie metaboliche e meccanismi molecolari che si instaurano in presenza di tali combinazioni stressanti. Gli stress abiotici e biotici, inoltre, variano nel tempo e nello spazio, determinando un mosaico di zone stressanti dell’ambiente fisico a cui le piante si devono adattare. In tali ambienti altamente dinamici ed eterogenei, le piante hanno adottato delle strategie basate sulla plasticità fenotipica intra-pianta caratterizzata da un’elevata variabilità morfo-fisiologica e molecolare intra-radicale (differenti tipi radicali) e fogliare (eterofillia) che genera delle componenti spazio-temporali delle risposte (diverso assorbimento dei nutrienti e dell’acqua tra e lungo gli assi radicali, velocità di induzione dei sistemi di difesa, ecc.). In tale ottica, nel comprendere le risposte morfo-fisiologiche e molecolari delle piante agli stress combinati e di come tali risposte si presentano a diversa scala spaziale (posizione, età, tipo radicale) e temporale (dinamica temporale), il presente progetto di dottorato ha affrontato tali aspetti in differenti casi-studio che vanno dall’adattamento della rara ed endemica Salvia ceratophylloides Ard. (Lamiaceae) all’interazione pianta-insetto e radice-suolo.
Spatio-temporal expressions of the plant morpho-physiogical and molecular responses to multiple stresses / Vescio, Rosa. - (2021 Oct 18).
Spatio-temporal expressions of the plant morpho-physiogical and molecular responses to multiple stresses
Vescio Rosa
2021-10-18
Abstract
The present PhD project is based on current issues related to the plant adaptation to climate change and can be summarized in two key words: multiple stresses and spatio-temporal responses of the plants. Owing to sessile nature, plants are continually exposed to the abiotic and biotic stresses which co-occur in nature. Until now, the plant responses to the single stress factor have been extensively studied. Conversely, the plant adaptation to the combined stress, real condition of the agro- and eco-systems, has been little addressed by the scientific community in the face of the specificity of metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms that are induced by the presence of such stressful combinations. Abiotic and biotic stresses, moreover, change in space and time, resulting in a patchy of stressful areas of the surrounding physical environment to which plants should be adapt. In such highly dynamic and heterogeneous environments, the plants adopted strategies based on the within-plant phenotypic plasticity characterized by high morpho-physiological and molecular variability both intra-radical (different root types) and -foliar (heterophyllia) which produce spatio-temporal components of responses (different nutrient and water uptake among and along the root axis, induction rate of defense systems, etc.). In this perspective, in order to understand the morpho-physiological and molecular responses of plants to combined stresses and how these responses occur at different spatial (location, age, root type) and temporal (temporal dynamics) scales, the present PhD project addressed these aspects in different case-study ranging from the adaptation of the rare and endemic Salvia ceratophylloides Ard. (Lamiaceae) to the plant-insect and root-soil interactions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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