Analysis of interrelationships among key factors of smart urban logistics and urban access management: a system dynamics-based model

In response to urbanization and digitalization, smart urban logistics (SUL) play a crucial role in managing city goods, alleviating congestion, and reducing pollution. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened e-commerce, highlighting challenges in last-mile delivery such as traffic congestion and carbon emissions. This study aims to improve the understanding of the effects of strategies for urban logistics access management to enhance the efficiency, safety, and sustainability of goods, vehicles, and people in urban environments. The primary goal of SUL is to create an integrated urban logistics ecosystem where goods are delivered efficiently and sustainably, reducing environmental impact and improving city life. This article presents a System Dynamics (SD)-based model to investigate the intricate interplay of key factors influencing SUL and urban access management. By highlighting these interconnections, it elucidates which strategies can effectively manage urban freight traffic within sustainable urban development and emphasizes how these efforts contribute to achieving the objectives of the 2030 Agenda. The contribution of this work lies in its comprehensive analysis of urban logistics dynamics, offering insights into urban access management protocols, dynamic parking organization, and incentives for electric or human-powered vehicles. These measures align with the 2030 Agenda, promoting safer, cleaner, and more accessible urban mobility.