A New Workflow for Achieving Climate Neutrality in Circular Energy Clusters. Simulations of Regenerative Design Combining Nature Based Solutions and Solar Energy Technologies in Urban Environment

The latest IPCC report highlights the significant role of cities in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, responsible for almost 70% of global CO2 emissions. Addressing the urban heat island (UHI) effect and adapting to climate change are critical to limiting the global temperature rise to below 1.5 ℃. The National Climate Change Adaptation Plan (PNACC) underscores the need for adaptation, mitigation, technology transfer, energy self-sufficiency, and citizen engagement. The study reviews current practices and emerging trends, focusing on the integration of Nature Based Solutions (NBS) and Solar Energy Technologies to achieve climate neutrality in circular energy clusters. Utilizing regenerative design principles from ABITAlab's applied research, this paper proposes a simulation of the combined impact of passive (NBS) and active (Solar Energy) technologies to develop a hybrid model. This approach is used to assess and mitigate the UHI effect in different areas of Reggio Calabria, Italy, emphasizing thermal comfort and radiation analysis. NBS application aims to mitigate UHI effects, enhance urban quality, human well-being, and sustainably manage ecosystems. Incorporating solar energy actively guides the design process, improving building performance, urban environments, and reducing GHG emissions. The results contribute to an innovative workflow, promoting a reduction in urban carbon footprint, improved energy efficiency, and more resilient living spaces. The findings offer valuable insights for climate-neutral strategies, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in creating resilient, environmentally conscious urban environments in circular energy clusters.