Condizioni locali come suggerimenti progettuali: verso una metodologia di piano/progetto della città ecologica

Local contexts as design suggestions. Towards a plan/project methodology of ecocity ABSTRACT - The starting point of the paper consists in considering the context as suggestion for the plan/project (McHarg, 1969): that both for the new buildings or the rehabilitation (as sustainability) of the existing ones. Basic goal is to get the best wellbeing of the inhabitant, creating the conditions because he can become a citizen if the settlements are referred to the city (Cacciari, 1991): the issue of the wellbeing doesn’t involve only the energy efficiency but it is wider and includes social and imaginary aspects. Beyond the existing experimentations from some years (e.g. Ecolonia, 1989-1993; Copenhagen, The Sustainable City, 2009) it needs to build/verify a methodology of plan/design able to conjugate the anthropization processes with the various natural elements which have to be considered both as design suggestions and as elements to be protected. By a multicriteria approach the natural elements (water, air, sun, soil, green) have to be crossed with the ones constituting the new morphology (i.e. to be designed) or the existing one (to be verify in regarding efficiency and effectiveness). This methodological tool considers also the social components of the territory and the town (above all considered it as public common space) and the ones representing the individual and community imaginary. The attention to morphology is then detailed and specified together with the one given to building typologies. Mobility and services facilities play a very important role in realizing the wellbeing conditions: often the compact medieval town is quoted as relevant cultural reference for the urban morphology as well as the ipogeos settlements (Matera, Cappadocia’s towns, etc.). Examples of urban requalification have to be evaluated in a structured way, e.g. Dobbiaco city, one of the Cities awarded in year 2009 by Legambiente for Renewable Cities Good Practices, for their ability to propose integrated policies based on environment and social requirements. A special attention has to be put on the size of the town because energy and transportation are influenced by the distance variable. A small city has very different structural condition then a large town. Concluding it has to be underlined that some of the performance indicators are quantitative ones but others are qualitative. That implies to declare the starting options/hypotheses for highlighting that, in proposing a work methodology, fundamental relevance have the “a priori” assumptions.