Complex networks and simple solutions. The University between learning and new opportunities in the world of International Cooperation

Simplicity is a value. To aim at simplicity does not mean to deny or hide the complexity that, everywhere, contemporaneity proposes us. As in a mathematical equation of unknowns, to achieve simplicity means to be able to handle the initial complexity of the problem in order to get a clear and certain results. The designing and building of architectural works in developing countries, equates to reducing complexity to simplicity. This is especially true in terms of content and work management, both at the construction site and after the completion of the building. The selective character of materials and technologies that are accessible and compatible with the site, in together with the low economic resources available which often accompanies the realization of the project, do not admit of mistakes. Too delicate are the environmental balances present in marginal contexts, and wrong choices can produce long term liabilities. For all these reasons, to propose a "simple" building, by getting rid whatever is superfluous, redundant and unnecessary, is already a first guarantee of success, both in the short term and in the future. Simplicity is the keyword to establish the best possible conditions to reduce the problems present in developing countries. It guides the complex cultural and material relationships concerning the architectural project, from the idea to the creation and management of the work. Yet "simple" does not "easy". Simplicity is a point of arrival and not one of departure. A few years ago Vittorio Gregotti claimed that, paradoxically, design of a simple building is a rather complex issue, and requires an awareness that can only be refined through long standing experience. In our case, to achieve complex-simplicity, presupposes the synchronous knowledge of all participants present in the cooperation process and the relationship between them. For some years now, the Department dArTe of the Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria has been organizing Ateliers, dedicated to graduating students who want to develop the theme of architecture in international cooperation processes in their dissertations. The main objective of this experience is the construction of a network, of which the same students, as future operators, will become fundamental knots. The training course involves the integrated attendance of all participants in the cooperation processes and combines didactic elements and applied research. In an interdisciplinary logic, students come into contact and interact with NGOs working in developing countries. Through the organization of study trips in the project sites, they have the opportunity to confront with local governments and communities and to acquire skills in all aspects of the participatory project. Through this study experience, the University places itself as a guarantor for the execution of good projects through the application of a proper method. The general targets of this activity are: - to create a global network among the various international cooperation actors that operate locally, each over in his country, facilitating contacts and collaborations between students and practitioners; - to stimulate the activation of local networks in order to formalize exchanges and collaborations; - to activate networks between universities and sector operators; - to encourage the exchange of best practices; - to encourage mobility for new graduates; The Atelier that has just ended focused on the design and completion of ten Primary Schools in Dar El Salaam, Tanzania. The main NGO partner (We World) made available to university students their projects in a true context in terms of social, environmental and economic iusses. The new Atelier, started in march 2017, focuses on projects to be implemented in some cities of Senegal, including Dakar, Thies, Tambacounda and Missirah. This experience is directly connected to the STOP TRATTA project implemented by NGO "VIS" (Volontariato internazionale per lo sviluppo) in many West African countries.