Detailed measurements are presented of the hydrodynamics and the morphodynamics in the nearshore zone. Measurements were obtained throughout three experimental campaigns. Both small and large scale models were adopted, thus allowing to analyse the wave-current interaction and its effects on the nearbed morphodynamics. Both co-linear and orthogonal waves and currents were reproduced. Measurements focused particularly on the dynamics of the wave bottom boundary layer in terms of velocity statistics, i.e. standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis, of turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds stresses. The effects of such complex flow on the nearbed morphodynamics were examined. The hydrodynamics was measured by means of both acoustic and laser Doppler velocimeters whereas bedform shape and migration were measured by means of a structured light approach. Waves interacting with a sloping rippled bed were observed to give rise to steady flow components as the Longuet-Higgins steady streaming and the wave-asymmetry steady streaming, the undertow and the Stokes drift. The high turbulence generated by the wave breaking considerably influenced the sediment transport in the nearshore zone, both within the small scale model and the large scale model. These phenomena caused ripples to be asymmetric and to migrate downward in the offshore direction. Above a horizontal rough bed, the waves superimposing at a right angle on a current was examined. Their influence on the bottom boundary layer both in terms of the equivalent roughness and the friction velocity was analysed. An overview of the two conditions of wave dominated and current dominated flow above both small and big roughness bottoms was described.

L'elaborato presenta misure di dettaglio dell'idrodinamica e della morfodinamica costiera ottenute attraverso tre campagne sperimentali. L'uso di modelli sperimentali a piccola e grande scala ha consentito di analizzare l'interazione onde-correnti colineari e ortogonali, nonchè i suoi effetti sulla morfodinamica del fondale. In particolare, le misure sono state incentrate sulla dinamica dello strato limite oscillante analizzando le statistiche della velocità - nei termini della deviazione standard, dell'asimmetria e della curtosi - l'energia cinetica turbolenta e gli sforzi di Reynolds. Particolare attenzione è stata posta nell'analisi degli effetti di tale flusso sulla morfodinamica del fondale. L'idrodinamica è stata misurata tramite velocimetri acustici e ottici, mentre la morfodinamica è stata misurata tramite una tecnica di luce strutturata. Si è osservato che le onde, interagendo con un fondale acclive, danno origine a componenti di flusso stazionarie, come quella definita per prima da Longuet-Higgins, quella dovuta all'asimmetria dell'onda, l'undertow e lo Stokes drift. L'elevata turbolenza generata dal frangimento delle onde ha influenzato considerevolmente il trasporto solido costiero, sia nel modello a piccola scala sia in quello a grande scala. Questi fenomeni hanno prodotto ripples asimmetrici e ne hanno causato la migrazione lungo il pendio della spiaggia in direzione offshore. Sul letto del piano orizzontale è stata esaminata la sovrapposizione di onde in direzione ortogonale alla corrente e l'influenza di esse sullo strato limite al fondo, sia in termini di scabrezza equivalente sia di velocità di attrito. Infine, è stato tracciato un quadro d'insieme delle due condizioni di flusso dominato dalla corrente e dalle onde, descrivendo le condizioni di ridotta e elevata scabrezza.

Hydrodynamics of interacting waves and currents in the nearshore zone / Petrotta, Carmelo. - (2019 Apr 16).

Hydrodynamics of interacting waves and currents in the nearshore zone

PETROTTA, Carmelo
2019-04-16

Abstract

Detailed measurements are presented of the hydrodynamics and the morphodynamics in the nearshore zone. Measurements were obtained throughout three experimental campaigns. Both small and large scale models were adopted, thus allowing to analyse the wave-current interaction and its effects on the nearbed morphodynamics. Both co-linear and orthogonal waves and currents were reproduced. Measurements focused particularly on the dynamics of the wave bottom boundary layer in terms of velocity statistics, i.e. standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis, of turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds stresses. The effects of such complex flow on the nearbed morphodynamics were examined. The hydrodynamics was measured by means of both acoustic and laser Doppler velocimeters whereas bedform shape and migration were measured by means of a structured light approach. Waves interacting with a sloping rippled bed were observed to give rise to steady flow components as the Longuet-Higgins steady streaming and the wave-asymmetry steady streaming, the undertow and the Stokes drift. The high turbulence generated by the wave breaking considerably influenced the sediment transport in the nearshore zone, both within the small scale model and the large scale model. These phenomena caused ripples to be asymmetric and to migrate downward in the offshore direction. Above a horizontal rough bed, the waves superimposing at a right angle on a current was examined. Their influence on the bottom boundary layer both in terms of the equivalent roughness and the friction velocity was analysed. An overview of the two conditions of wave dominated and current dominated flow above both small and big roughness bottoms was described.
16-apr-2019
ARENA, Felice
Doctoral Thesis
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Petrotta Carmelo.pdf

accesso aperto

Tipologia: Tesi di dottorato
Licenza: DRM non definito
Dimensione 27.85 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
27.85 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12318/63632
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact