In the recent architectural debate there has been a renewed interest on the topic of brutalist architecture as a sign for a search of a different point of view and a necessity of filling the void in the architectural historiography. The research investigates Brutalist architecture in Skopje as a paradigmatic example of the architectural culture of the countries of the former Yugoslavia. The intention is not to develop a historical research but to recognize the principles of these architectures that today can still be determinants for the contemporary city. In this direction the research intends to become a device for re-thinking of Brutalism as well as to develop a reflection from which to learn how to deepen into the knowledge of the architectural production of the 60’s and the 70’s. This different vision becomes fundamental for Skopje, where the architectural and cultural heritage, built after the earthquake in1963, has always been marginalized and is now in danger to be erased. By overcoming the ideological barriers, it is possible to re-read other modernities that have characterized the Balkan architecture, and reassign what is now perceived as an unloved heritage1, a familiarity in the urban physiognomy. Walter Benjamin has argued that in order to understand any form of paradigm shift, it is necessary to reawaken the history. This is what this thesis attempts to do, to elaborate a historical period that shares certain conditions with the present. With this intent, the thesis aims to construct an operative atlas envisioned as an organic, complex study, still non-existent for this reality that represents a moment of reflection on the identity value for the countries of the former Yugoslavia. It documents and analyzes 15 brutalist architectures from the post-earthquake reconstruction of Skopje that have shaped the discourse of urbanism in the city. Therefore, the operative atlas is consisted of: the collection of the original drawings of 15 selected brutalist architectures its redesign and analysis of the projects. The research examines the design projects of these architectures showing how design solutions implemented in the past often become the design challenges of the present. Its aim is to present a group of ideas on architecture and urban planning coming from this entities rather than to construct a simple catalog of buildings. These architectures are seen as a thank of fragmented utopias2, a grid of ideas that can construct a strong identity for the city of Skopje

Il rinnovato interesse per l’architettura brutalista che contrassegna il recente dibattito architettonico non risponde solo alla necessità di colmare un evidente vuoto storiografico, ma testimonia l’emergere di un diverso punto di vista verso un patrimonio che ancora oggi rappresenta un’importante ricerca della cultura architettonica e urbana degli anni Sessanta e Settanta. A partire da tali presupposti, la ricerca approfondisce il caso di Skopje, capitale della Macedonia del Nord, assunta come esempio paradigmatico del processo di modernizzazione dei paesi dell’ex-Jugoslavia. Lontano da esigenze storiche, la ricerca approfondisce i principi progettuali di quelle opere architettoniche e urbane brutaliste che ancora oggi possono rappresentare un valore nelle dinamiche della città contemporanea. In tal senso, la tesi intende sperimentare un possibile “strumento interpretativo” del Brutalismo con l›obiettivo di fornire un contributo specifico all’attuale dibattito. Questa indagine diventa fondamentale per il caso di Skopje, dove il patrimonio architettonico e culturale costruito dopo il terremoto del ’63 su masterplan di Kenzo Tange, oggi rischia di essere cancellato, sottoposto a devastanti trasformazioni derivate dal Piano di rinnovamento urbano (SK2014). Superando le barriere ideologiche, la ricerca si sofferma sulle architetture più rappresentative della ricostruzione, rendendo evidente come la produzione architettonica e urbana balcanica del secondo dopo guerra non rappresenta un patrimonio non desiderato1 da rimuovere, ma un’altra idea di modernità. La tesi, dunque, trova un particolare campo di sperimentazione nella costruzione di un Atlante Operante di quindici architetture del periodo della rifondazione di Skopje, documentate attraverso la ricognizione di materiali originali d'archivio, attualmente disaggregati, attraverso i quali è stato possibile elaborare il ridisegno e la scomposizione architettonica. Il punto di partenza storico è assunto come momento decisivo per una riflessione sulla condizione contemporanea della città nella consapevolezza che “per capire qualsiasi forma di cambio di paradigma, è necessario svegliare la storia” (Walter Benjamin, anno 1940)

Operative atlas of brutalist Skopje. A graphic biography of 15 architectures / Bajkovski, Blagoja. - (2020 Apr 21).

Operative atlas of brutalist Skopje. A graphic biography of 15 architectures

BAJKOVSKI, Blagoja
2020-04-21

Abstract

In the recent architectural debate there has been a renewed interest on the topic of brutalist architecture as a sign for a search of a different point of view and a necessity of filling the void in the architectural historiography. The research investigates Brutalist architecture in Skopje as a paradigmatic example of the architectural culture of the countries of the former Yugoslavia. The intention is not to develop a historical research but to recognize the principles of these architectures that today can still be determinants for the contemporary city. In this direction the research intends to become a device for re-thinking of Brutalism as well as to develop a reflection from which to learn how to deepen into the knowledge of the architectural production of the 60’s and the 70’s. This different vision becomes fundamental for Skopje, where the architectural and cultural heritage, built after the earthquake in1963, has always been marginalized and is now in danger to be erased. By overcoming the ideological barriers, it is possible to re-read other modernities that have characterized the Balkan architecture, and reassign what is now perceived as an unloved heritage1, a familiarity in the urban physiognomy. Walter Benjamin has argued that in order to understand any form of paradigm shift, it is necessary to reawaken the history. This is what this thesis attempts to do, to elaborate a historical period that shares certain conditions with the present. With this intent, the thesis aims to construct an operative atlas envisioned as an organic, complex study, still non-existent for this reality that represents a moment of reflection on the identity value for the countries of the former Yugoslavia. It documents and analyzes 15 brutalist architectures from the post-earthquake reconstruction of Skopje that have shaped the discourse of urbanism in the city. Therefore, the operative atlas is consisted of: the collection of the original drawings of 15 selected brutalist architectures its redesign and analysis of the projects. The research examines the design projects of these architectures showing how design solutions implemented in the past often become the design challenges of the present. Its aim is to present a group of ideas on architecture and urban planning coming from this entities rather than to construct a simple catalog of buildings. These architectures are seen as a thank of fragmented utopias2, a grid of ideas that can construct a strong identity for the city of Skopje
21-apr-2020
TORNATORA, Rosa Marina
SANTINI, Adolfo
Doctoral Thesis
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12318/63644
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