The role of large engineering control works, such as dam construction and river channel adjustments, is well recognized in many areas of the world. Their downstream impacts on river dynamics, geomorphic processes, and riparian vegetation changes, have been documented in several contributions. However, interactions between small grade-control structures and erosion and deposition processes are less well known. These small structures play a key role in stabilizing natural rivers through a general reduction of the bed slope upstream. This new longitudinal profile, better known as ‘slope of siltation’ or ‘equilibrium bed slope’, depends on the height and distance between structures and on the particle size of the bed. Consequently, a better understanding of the selective sediment transport related to their construction can be useful in predicting the channel evolution of natural rivers. The contribution reported here is based on an experimental laboratory channel, characterized by a sandy bed, where some small control structures have been placed. The experimental runs are aimed at analyzing the variations in terms of channel evolution and sediment particle size before and after their installation. Experiments were carried out in steady sheet flow conditions, varying the slope of the channel from 0 to 0.02 m/m in each run. The particle size distribution of the bed near the structures has been studied using a digital analysis. The overall results indicate an armour coat formation that depends on the bed slope and on the initial grain size distribution. However, further work is required to extrapolate these preliminary results to a field scale.
Il ruolo delle grandi opere di sistemazione fluviale, quali briglie e risagomature d’alveo, è noto in molte aree del mondo. L’impatto di queste opere a valle sulle dinamiche fluviali, sui processi geomorfologici e sulla composizione della vegetazione riparia, è stato studiato in diversi contributi. Tuttavia, le interazioni tra piccole strutture di correzione ed i processi di erosione/deposizione sono meno noti. Questo tipo di opere svolge un ruolo chiave nella stabilizzazione degli alvei naturali attraverso una riduzione complessiva della pendenza del letto a monte. Il nuovo profilo longitudinale, meglio noto come "pendenza di equilibrio", dipende dall'altezza e dalla distanza tra le strutture, oltre che dalle dimensioni delle particelle che compongono il fondo alveo. Di conseguenza, una migliore comprensione dei meccanismi di trasporto selettivo dei sedimenti legati alla costruzione di piccole opere di correzione può essere utile per prevedere l'evoluzione delle aste fluviali. Questo studio è stato svolto su un canale sperimentale a fondo sabbioso allestito in laboratorio, in cui sono state posizionate alcune opere trasversali. Nel corso delle prove sperimentali, al variare della pendenza, sono state monitorate l’evoluzione del canale e la distribuzione delle particelle sabbiose, prima e dopo l’installazione delle opere. Gli esperimenti sono stati condotti in condizioni di portata costante (moto permanente), con valori della pendenza del canale da 0 a 0,02 m/m in ciascun set di esperimenti. La distribuzione delle dimensioni delle particelle del letto a monte delle opere è stata determinata tramite analisi di immagini. I risultati indicano la formazione di uno strato di armoring che dipende dalla pendenza del letto e dalla distribuzione iniziale delle dimensioni dei grani.
Effects of grade control structures on channel evolution in sandy torrent beds: a laboratory study / Labate, Antonino. - (2020 Apr 07).
Effects of grade control structures on channel evolution in sandy torrent beds: a laboratory study
LABATE, Antonino
2020-04-07
Abstract
The role of large engineering control works, such as dam construction and river channel adjustments, is well recognized in many areas of the world. Their downstream impacts on river dynamics, geomorphic processes, and riparian vegetation changes, have been documented in several contributions. However, interactions between small grade-control structures and erosion and deposition processes are less well known. These small structures play a key role in stabilizing natural rivers through a general reduction of the bed slope upstream. This new longitudinal profile, better known as ‘slope of siltation’ or ‘equilibrium bed slope’, depends on the height and distance between structures and on the particle size of the bed. Consequently, a better understanding of the selective sediment transport related to their construction can be useful in predicting the channel evolution of natural rivers. The contribution reported here is based on an experimental laboratory channel, characterized by a sandy bed, where some small control structures have been placed. The experimental runs are aimed at analyzing the variations in terms of channel evolution and sediment particle size before and after their installation. Experiments were carried out in steady sheet flow conditions, varying the slope of the channel from 0 to 0.02 m/m in each run. The particle size distribution of the bed near the structures has been studied using a digital analysis. The overall results indicate an armour coat formation that depends on the bed slope and on the initial grain size distribution. However, further work is required to extrapolate these preliminary results to a field scale.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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