The monitoring and control of the infrastructures, in particular bridges and viaducts, is a topic of great interest and relevance in the western countries, which are facing the deterioration due to the passage of time of a vast infrastructural heritage, Built more than 50 years ago. An adequate knowledge of the structures, and even before, a precise mapping, are fundamental for the planning of interventions of ordinary and extraordinary maintenance. In order to cope with this problem, a methodology was developed in the present thesis for the relief of bridges and viaducts through remote piloted Aircraft Systems (SAPR) and the extraction of geometric characteristics for structural analyses. It was first investigated the state of the art inherent in the methodologies of relief of bridges and viaducts with particular attention to the use of SAPR, and the techniques of computer vision and digital photogrammetry for the reconstruction of three-dimensional models. Since the application of such systems, still in experimental phase, allows to perform operations of mapping, monitoring and control in a quick way, have been elaborated techniques for the acquisition of data through Aero photogrammetry by drone, the Reconstruction and classification of the scene acquired through three-dimensional point cloud, and finally the automatic extraction of the geometrical characteristics of the structural parts. These characteristics were subsequently used as input of the simplified calculation model for structural analyses. Subsequently, two case studies were presented (i) the structural analysis of bridges with static patterns simply supported, and (ii) the evaluation of the form efficiency for the arc/membrane bridges, for the validation of the methodology and Data obtained. Further developments and perspectives for process automation, and the simultaneous use at the infrastructural network level are presented in the conclusions.

Il monitoraggio e controllo delle infrastrutture, ed in particolare di ponti e viadotti, è un tema di grande interesse e attualità nei Paesi occidentali, che si trovano a fronteggiare il deterioramento dovuto al passare del tempo di un vasto patrimonio infrastrutturale, costruito più di 50 anni fa. Un’adeguata conoscenza delle strutture, e ancor prima, una precisa mappatura, sono fondamentali per la pianificazione di interventi di manutenzione ordinaria e straordinaria. Per far fronte a tale problematica, nella presente tesi è stata sviluppata una metodologia speditiva per il rilievo di ponti e viadotti tramite Sistemi Aeromobili a Pilotaggio Remoto (SAPR) e l’estrazione delle caratteristiche geometriche per le analisi strutturali. È stato innanzitutto indagato lo stato dell’arte inerente le metodologie di rilievo di ponti e viadotti con particolare attenzione all’utilizzo dei SAPR, e le tecniche di computer vision e fotogrammetria digitale per la per la ricostruzione di modelli tridimensionali. Poiché l’applicazione di tali sistemi, ancora in fase sperimentale, consente di effettuare operazioni di mappatura, monitoraggio e controllo in maniera rapida, sono state elaborate tecniche per l’acquisizione dei dati tramite aerofotogrammetria da drone, la ricostruzione e classificazione della scena acquisita mediante nuvola di punti tridimensionale, ed infine l’estrazione automatica delle caratteristiche geometriche delle parti strutturali. Tali caratteristiche sono state successivamente impiegate come input del modello di calcolo semplificato per le analisi strutturali. Successivamente sono stati presentati due casi studio inerenti (i) l’analisi strutturale di ponti con schema statico semplicemente appoggiato, e (ii) la valutazione dell’efficienza della forma per i ponti ad arco/ membrana, per la validazione della metodologia e dei dati ottenuti. Ulteriori sviluppi e prospettive per l’automazione del processo, e il contestuale utilizzo a livello di rete infrastrutturale sono presentati nelle conclusioni.

UAV geometrical survey for bridge structural analysis / Candela, Gabriele. - (2019 Nov 07).

UAV geometrical survey for bridge structural analysis

CANDELA, Gabriele
2019-11-07

Abstract

The monitoring and control of the infrastructures, in particular bridges and viaducts, is a topic of great interest and relevance in the western countries, which are facing the deterioration due to the passage of time of a vast infrastructural heritage, Built more than 50 years ago. An adequate knowledge of the structures, and even before, a precise mapping, are fundamental for the planning of interventions of ordinary and extraordinary maintenance. In order to cope with this problem, a methodology was developed in the present thesis for the relief of bridges and viaducts through remote piloted Aircraft Systems (SAPR) and the extraction of geometric characteristics for structural analyses. It was first investigated the state of the art inherent in the methodologies of relief of bridges and viaducts with particular attention to the use of SAPR, and the techniques of computer vision and digital photogrammetry for the reconstruction of three-dimensional models. Since the application of such systems, still in experimental phase, allows to perform operations of mapping, monitoring and control in a quick way, have been elaborated techniques for the acquisition of data through Aero photogrammetry by drone, the Reconstruction and classification of the scene acquired through three-dimensional point cloud, and finally the automatic extraction of the geometrical characteristics of the structural parts. These characteristics were subsequently used as input of the simplified calculation model for structural analyses. Subsequently, two case studies were presented (i) the structural analysis of bridges with static patterns simply supported, and (ii) the evaluation of the form efficiency for the arc/membrane bridges, for the validation of the methodology and Data obtained. Further developments and perspectives for process automation, and the simultaneous use at the infrastructural network level are presented in the conclusions.
7-nov-2019
Settore ICAR/02 - COSTRUZIONI IDRAULICHE E MARITTIME E IDROLOGIA
DE CAPUA, Alberto
BARRILE, Vincenzo
ARENA, Felice
Doctoral Thesis
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12318/64153
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