The present doctoral thesis aims at analyzing the effectiveness of the Community spending on the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (hereinafter EAFRD) by the Calabria region (South Italy) during the current programming period, using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model. In particular, the research focused on funded investments associated to the measures aimed at restructuring and developing the physical potential and promoting innovation, in order to monitor the effects of the improvement on farm profitability over time and, overall, on regional agricultural sector. After a description of rural development policies under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), in order to clarify the reference context of analysis from which the research work has his starting point, a focused analysis of rural development policy in Italy is provided. Therefore, a deepening of the state of the art on Italian Rural Development Programs (RDPs) for the period 2014-2020, especially in terms of financial allocation and progress of budget is carried out, as well as an analysis of the RDP in Calabria Region with a focus on the implementation of Measure 4.1.1 Investments in agricultural holdings. In order to analyses the performance of this specific context of public funding, in terms of investment granted and realized by beneficiary farms, the theoretical and methodological aspects of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) were exposed and extensively scrutinized. DEA is a non-parametric linear-programming-based method that, actually, represents the most widely used procedure in estimating the technical efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs), which convert multiple inputs into multiple outputs. Technical efficiency consists in the ability of a DMU to maximize outputs given the same level of inputs and technology or to minimize inputs given a same level of outputs. In this sense, technical efficiency analysis can be oriented towards two different way: increasing output (output-oriented approach) or reducing input (input-oriented approach). DEA allows the construction of a “best practice” frontier on which the efficient DMUs are located and that are used to measure the relative efficiency of remaining inefficient units in terms of their distance from the frontier. From the literature review carried out in this doctoral thesis, it was highlighted as several studies in olive sector dealing with the computation of technical efficiency by employed DEA models that were used to examine the economic efficiency of olive-growing farms and provide information for a better assignment of European agricultural subsidies. Frequently, the results showed that the assignment of subsidies should be made in terms of farm efficiency results since the efficiency of farms would be under-estimated by an overall measurement. Moreover, the major of results indicated that efficiency is positively related to the size of the farm and, then, large farms are more likely to improve their techniques, and that the inefficiency is caused by the fact that the farms do not use minimum input or do not raise the maximum output from the actual inputs. For the case study of the thesis, the application of DEA model, on 50 olive farms data benefit from RDP funding, is conducted by explained the experimental design, the sampling and data gathering, as well as data elaboration and results. The objective was to analyses the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of beneficiary farms in using public funding provided under the Measure 4.1.1 Investments in agricultural holdings. The evaluation of farm performances was carried out by comparing it with the best managerial practices observed on a Pareto-efficient frontier and, then, by applying input and output oriented DEA models. The choice to use both models was due to the interest in determining the returns to scale of the farms under study and estimating their scale efficiency. In particular, the input-oriented approach help to explain the major ability of producers to control inputs rather than output levels, while output-oriented approach is especially linked to the objective of rural policies in increasing farming productivity, in terms of economic results in gross saleable production. The outcomes highlighted the most relevant potentiality, advantages and limits offered by the research work and methodological implementation proposed.

La presente tesi di dottorato mira ad analizzare l'efficacia della spesa comunitaria per il Fondo europeo agricolo per lo sviluppo rurale (di seguito FEASR) da parte della regione Calabria (Sud Italia) durante l'attuale periodo di programmazione, utilizzando il modello Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). In particolare, la ricerca si è concentrata su investimenti finanziati associati alle misure volte a ristrutturare e sviluppare il potenziale fisico e promuovere l'innovazione, al fine di monitorare gli effetti del miglioramento sulla redditività delle aziende agricole nel tempo e, nel complesso, sul settore agricolo regionale. Dopo una descrizione delle politiche di sviluppo rurale nell'ambito della politica agricola comune (PAC), al fine di chiarire il contesto di riferimento dell'analisi da cui il lavoro di ricerca ha il suo punto di partenza, viene fornita un'analisi mirata della politica di sviluppo rurale in Italia. Pertanto, viene effettuato un approfondimento dello stato dell'arte dei programmi di sviluppo rurale (PSR) italiani per il periodo 2014-2020, in particolare in termini di dotazione e avanzamento finanziario, nonché un'analisi del PSR nella regione Calabria con particolare attenzione all'attuazione della misura 4.1.1. Investimenti nelle aziende agricole. Al fine di analizzare le prestazioni di questo specifico contesto di finanziamento pubblico, in termini di investimenti concessi ad aziende agricole beneficiarie, gli aspetti teorici e metodologici del modello Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) sono stati esposti e ampiamente esaminati. DEA è un metodo non parametrico basato sulla programmazione lineare che, in realtà, rappresenta la procedura più ampiamente utilizzata per stimare l'efficienza tecnica delle unità decisionali (DMU), che convertono più input in più output. L'efficienza tecnica consiste nella capacità di una DMU di massimizzare gli output con lo stesso livello di input e tecnologia o di minimizzare gli input con lo stesso livello di output. In questo senso, l'analisi dell'efficienza tecnica può essere orientata verso due metodi diversi: aumentare la produzione (output-oriented approach) o ridurre l'input (input-oriented approach). La DEA consente la costruzione di una frontiera delle "best practice" su cui si trovano le DMU efficienti e che sono utilizzate per misurare l'efficienza relativa delle unità inefficienti rimanenti in termini di distanza dalla frontiera. Dalla revisione della letteratura condotta in questa tesi di dottorato, è stato messo in evidenza come diversi studi nel settore olivicolo si occupano del calcolo dell'efficienza tecnica da parte dei modelli DEA impiegati e che sono stati utilizzati per esaminare l'efficienza economica delle aziende olivicole e fornire informazioni per una migliore assegnazione di finanziamenti agricoli europei. Spesso, i risultati hanno mostrato che l'assegnazione dei finanziamenti dovrebbe essere fatta in termini di risultati di efficienza delle aziende agricole poiché l'efficienza delle aziende agricole sarebbe sottovalutata da una misurazione complessiva. Inoltre, la maggior parte dei risultati hanno indicato che l'efficienza è correlata positivamente alle dimensioni dell'azienda agricola e, quindi, le grandi aziende agricole hanno maggiori probabilità di migliorare le loro tecniche e che l'inefficienza è causata dal fatto che le aziende agricole non utilizzano un minimo livello di input o non ottengono il massimo livello di output. Per il caso di studio della tesi, l'applicazione del modello DEA, è stata effettuata su 50 DMU relative alle aziende olivicole beneficiarie del finanziamento del PSR, ed è condotta spiegando la progettazione sperimentale, il campionamento e la raccolta dei dati, nonché l'elaborazione e i risultati dei dati. L'obiettivo è analizzare l'efficienza tecnica e ridimensionare l'efficienza delle aziende agricole beneficiarie nell'utilizzare i finanziamenti pubblici previsti dalla misura 4.1.1 Investimenti nelle aziende agricole. La valutazione delle prestazioni dell'azienda agricola è stata effettuata confrontandola con le migliori pratiche manageriali osservate su una frontiera Pareto-efficiente e, quindi, applicando modelli DEA orientati all'input e all'output. La scelta di utilizzare entrambi i modelli è dovuta all'interesse nel determinare i ritorni di scala delle aziende agricole analizzate e stimarne l'efficienza. In particolare, l'approccio orientato all'input aiuta a spiegare la maggiore capacità dei produttori di controllare gli input piuttosto che i livelli di output, mentre l'approccio orientato all'output è in particolare legato all'obiettivo delle politiche rurali di aumentare la produttività agricola, in termini di risultati economici in produzione lorda vendibile. I risultati hanno messo in luce le potenzialità, i vantaggi e i limiti più rilevanti offerti dal lavoro di ricerca e dall'implementazione metodologica proposta.

Assessing the effectiveness of rural development policies in southern Italy using data envelopment analysis / DI GIROLAMO, Claudio. - (2020 Apr 07).

Assessing the effectiveness of rural development policies in southern Italy using data envelopment analysis

2020-04-07

Abstract

The present doctoral thesis aims at analyzing the effectiveness of the Community spending on the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (hereinafter EAFRD) by the Calabria region (South Italy) during the current programming period, using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model. In particular, the research focused on funded investments associated to the measures aimed at restructuring and developing the physical potential and promoting innovation, in order to monitor the effects of the improvement on farm profitability over time and, overall, on regional agricultural sector. After a description of rural development policies under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), in order to clarify the reference context of analysis from which the research work has his starting point, a focused analysis of rural development policy in Italy is provided. Therefore, a deepening of the state of the art on Italian Rural Development Programs (RDPs) for the period 2014-2020, especially in terms of financial allocation and progress of budget is carried out, as well as an analysis of the RDP in Calabria Region with a focus on the implementation of Measure 4.1.1 Investments in agricultural holdings. In order to analyses the performance of this specific context of public funding, in terms of investment granted and realized by beneficiary farms, the theoretical and methodological aspects of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) were exposed and extensively scrutinized. DEA is a non-parametric linear-programming-based method that, actually, represents the most widely used procedure in estimating the technical efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs), which convert multiple inputs into multiple outputs. Technical efficiency consists in the ability of a DMU to maximize outputs given the same level of inputs and technology or to minimize inputs given a same level of outputs. In this sense, technical efficiency analysis can be oriented towards two different way: increasing output (output-oriented approach) or reducing input (input-oriented approach). DEA allows the construction of a “best practice” frontier on which the efficient DMUs are located and that are used to measure the relative efficiency of remaining inefficient units in terms of their distance from the frontier. From the literature review carried out in this doctoral thesis, it was highlighted as several studies in olive sector dealing with the computation of technical efficiency by employed DEA models that were used to examine the economic efficiency of olive-growing farms and provide information for a better assignment of European agricultural subsidies. Frequently, the results showed that the assignment of subsidies should be made in terms of farm efficiency results since the efficiency of farms would be under-estimated by an overall measurement. Moreover, the major of results indicated that efficiency is positively related to the size of the farm and, then, large farms are more likely to improve their techniques, and that the inefficiency is caused by the fact that the farms do not use minimum input or do not raise the maximum output from the actual inputs. For the case study of the thesis, the application of DEA model, on 50 olive farms data benefit from RDP funding, is conducted by explained the experimental design, the sampling and data gathering, as well as data elaboration and results. The objective was to analyses the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of beneficiary farms in using public funding provided under the Measure 4.1.1 Investments in agricultural holdings. The evaluation of farm performances was carried out by comparing it with the best managerial practices observed on a Pareto-efficient frontier and, then, by applying input and output oriented DEA models. The choice to use both models was due to the interest in determining the returns to scale of the farms under study and estimating their scale efficiency. In particular, the input-oriented approach help to explain the major ability of producers to control inputs rather than output levels, while output-oriented approach is especially linked to the objective of rural policies in increasing farming productivity, in terms of economic results in gross saleable production. The outcomes highlighted the most relevant potentiality, advantages and limits offered by the research work and methodological implementation proposed.
7-apr-2020
ZIMBALATTI, Giuseppe
DE LUCA, Anna irene
POIANA, MARCO
Doctoral Thesis
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
DI Girolamo Claudio.pdf

accesso aperto

Tipologia: Tesi di dottorato
Licenza: DRM non definito
Dimensione 25.94 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
25.94 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12318/64407
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact