PRESTITI A INTERESSE E ‘MUTUO FITTIZIO CON VENDITA FIDUCIARIA NELL'EGITTO ROMANO. NUOVE ESEGESI DEI CHIROGRAFI DI ANTONIVS HERONIANVS (PMICH. VII 438 E PFOUAD I 45) CHIROGRAPHVM E STIPVLATIO NELLA PRASSI DOCUMENTALE E NELLA GIURISPRUDENZA

Two money loan chirographa in Latin by the same debtor, Antonius Heronianus, from the 140p (PMich. VII 438) and 153 p (PFouad I 45) are examined, thanks to new readings and through an interdisciplinary analysis between prosopography, social status and citizenship of the contractors, Ptolemaic law and Roman law. The first is so far the only chirographum in Egypt to which is added a stipulatio / sponsio, due to the fact that the creditor, Julius Serenus, was a Roman citizen with good legal knowledge, so much so that he was probably the same person that a few years later he entered the Council of the Prefect of Alexandria and Egypt. However, the quiritary sponsio was requested only for the capital, while the wear was provided exclusively in the chirograph without indicating the interest rate. The reason for this seems to be that they were exorbitant compared to the legal rate and had probably been deducted in advance. New decipherments of the text of PFouad I 45 allow us to understand some anomalies in the form of this fictitious mortgage with trust sale of the arms by the creditor / seller Stlaccius Antistianus, decurion of the same Dem(etrian?) auxiliary cavalry wing of the debtor in the II legion Traiana Fortis.