The fortifications of Crotone played for many centuries a crucial rule in the defensive network along the Ionian coast between Taranto and Reggio Calabria. They are tied to the history of the town, represented by the sixteenth century walls of the town and by the castle. The divestment of the city walls, that interested many cities in the second half of the nineteenth century, also involved Crotone, following the abolition of military restrictions in 1865, which the town was liabled to. The walls didn’t recognize any historical architectural value, and their demolition was justified by priority reasons of health - backed up by a real overcrowding of the historical center - behind which lurked private interests, fed by the lure of a lucrative land speculation. However, early philanthropic well meaning were waived. The interests of the ruling class, representative of the rich land ownership, prevailed. In an almost total absence of debate, the town council chose to sell most of the town walls to individuals, who had already partially occupied them, allowing, despite the meaningful changes undergone by those, their partial preservation. Just some sections of the town walls were demolished, in addition to the gate, to build a ring road which underlined further the boundary between the old town and the contemporary.
Le fortificazioni di Crotone hanno rappresentato per secoli un nodo cruciale nella rete difensiva del tratto della costa ionica tra Taranto e Reggio Calabria. Ad esse è legata la storia del centro calabrese, identificato da sempre dalla cinta muraria cinquecentesca e dal castello. La dismissione delle cinte murarie, fenomeno che interesso molte città a partire dalla seconda metà del XIX secolo, investì anche Crotone, dopo l’abolizione delle servitù militari del 1865, cui la città era sottoposta. Alle mura non fu riconosciuto alcun valore di testimonianza storica architettonica; la loro demolizione fu giustificata da prioritarie motivazioni di salubrità e igiene pubblica - avallate da un effettivo sovraffollamento del centro urbano - dietro le quali si celavano interessi privati alimentati dal miraggio di una speculazione fondiaria remunerativa. Tuttavia le filantropiche intenzioni iniziali vennero accantonate. Gli interessi della classe dirigente, espressione della ricca proprietà terriera, prevalsero. In una quasi totale assenza di dibattito, l’Amministrazione comunale decise di cedere gran parte delle mura a privati, che le avevano in parte occupate da tempo, consentendo, nonostante le alterazioni subite, una loro parziale conservazione. Una porzione della cinta muraria venne effettivamente demolita, oltre alla porta della città, anche per realizzare una strada di circonvallazione, che avrebbe marcato ulteriormente il confine tra la città antica e quella contemporanea.
«Una barriera allo incremento e alla salubrità del paese»: le mura di Crotone tra dismissioni e sviluppo urbano / Mussari, Bruno. - In: STORIA URBANA. - ISSN 0391-2248. - (2013), pp. 165-196.
«Una barriera allo incremento e alla salubrità del paese»: le mura di Crotone tra dismissioni e sviluppo urbano
MUSSARI, Bruno
2013-01-01
Abstract
The fortifications of Crotone played for many centuries a crucial rule in the defensive network along the Ionian coast between Taranto and Reggio Calabria. They are tied to the history of the town, represented by the sixteenth century walls of the town and by the castle. The divestment of the city walls, that interested many cities in the second half of the nineteenth century, also involved Crotone, following the abolition of military restrictions in 1865, which the town was liabled to. The walls didn’t recognize any historical architectural value, and their demolition was justified by priority reasons of health - backed up by a real overcrowding of the historical center - behind which lurked private interests, fed by the lure of a lucrative land speculation. However, early philanthropic well meaning were waived. The interests of the ruling class, representative of the rich land ownership, prevailed. In an almost total absence of debate, the town council chose to sell most of the town walls to individuals, who had already partially occupied them, allowing, despite the meaningful changes undergone by those, their partial preservation. Just some sections of the town walls were demolished, in addition to the gate, to build a ring road which underlined further the boundary between the old town and the contemporary.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.