In this work, we tried to go deeper inside distribution and toxicity of cadmium (Cd) in the macrolichen Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr. Thalli of this species were treated with 0 (control), 4.5, 9, 18, or 36 mM Cd for 24 or 48 hours. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, and electron energy loss spectroscopy were exploited to study distribution and ultrastructural effects of Cd in thalli; spectrophotometric techniques were utilized for measuring Cd effects on chlorophyll (Chl) content; light fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate Chl autofluorescence. The highest Cd concentration caused ultrastructural alterations both in the mycobiont and in the photobiont, more severe in the latter, decreased total Chl content and progressively quenched Chl autofluorescence. Cell wall immobilization was observed in both bionts, and evidence pointing to a Cd-binding ability by the concentric bodies in the mycobiont was also obtained. Lower Cd concentrations led to slight or even no effects on thallus structures and on Chl content and auto-fluorescence. The results obtained suggest that: (1) among the two bionts, the algal partner appears to be more susceptible to Cd stress, probably because of the presence of delicate and sensitive components such as the chloroplast and photosynthetic pigments; (2) a concentration threshold exists for the occurrence of evident structural and functional damage in X. parietina thalli exposed to Cd.
In questo lavoro si è tentato di approfondire la comprensione della dinamica di distribuzione e della tossicità da cadmio (Cd) nel macrolichene Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr. Talli di questa specie erano trattati con 0 (controllo) 4.5, 9, 18, o 36 mM Cd per 24 o 48 ore. Microscopia elettronica a trasmissione, microanalisi ai Raggio X, e spettroscopia di perdita di energia degli elettroni sono state utilizzate per studiare distribuzione ed effetti ultrastrutturali del Cd sui talli; tecniche spettrofotometriche sono state utilizzate per misurare gli effetti di Cd su contenuto di clorofilla (Chl); la microscopia a fluorescenza leggera è stata usata per valutare l'autofluorescenza di Chl. La concentrazione di Cd più alta causava alterazioni ultrastrutturali sia nel micobionte che nel fotobionte, più severe nel secondo, decremento di Chl totale ed autofluorescence di Chl progressivamente smorzata. Immobilizzazione di Cd a livello di parete era osservata in ambo i bionti, con evidenza della capacità dei corpio concentrici del micobionte di legare il metallo pesante. Le concentrazioni di Cd più basse causavano lievi o addirittura nessun effetto sulle strutture del tallo e sul contenuto ed autofluorescenza di Chl. I risultati ottenuti suggeriscono che: (1) fra i due bionti, il partner algale sembra essere più suscettibile allo stress da Cd, probabilmente a causa della presenza di componenti delicati e sensibili come cloroplasti e pigmenti di fotosintetici; (2) esiste una concentrazione soglia per l'insorgenza di danno strutturale e funzionale evidente nei talli di X. Parietina esposti a Cd.
Cadmium distribution and effects on ultrastructure and chlorophyll status in photobionts and mycobionts of Xanthoria parietina / SANITÀ DI TOPPI, L; Musetti, R; Vattuone, Z; PAWLIK-SKOWROŃSKA, B; Fossati, F; Bertoli, L; Badiani, Maurizio; Favali, Ma. - In: MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE. - ISSN 1059-910X. - 66:(2005), pp. 229-238.
Cadmium distribution and effects on ultrastructure and chlorophyll status in photobionts and mycobionts of Xanthoria parietina
BADIANI, Maurizio;
2005-01-01
Abstract
In this work, we tried to go deeper inside distribution and toxicity of cadmium (Cd) in the macrolichen Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr. Thalli of this species were treated with 0 (control), 4.5, 9, 18, or 36 mM Cd for 24 or 48 hours. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, and electron energy loss spectroscopy were exploited to study distribution and ultrastructural effects of Cd in thalli; spectrophotometric techniques were utilized for measuring Cd effects on chlorophyll (Chl) content; light fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate Chl autofluorescence. The highest Cd concentration caused ultrastructural alterations both in the mycobiont and in the photobiont, more severe in the latter, decreased total Chl content and progressively quenched Chl autofluorescence. Cell wall immobilization was observed in both bionts, and evidence pointing to a Cd-binding ability by the concentric bodies in the mycobiont was also obtained. Lower Cd concentrations led to slight or even no effects on thallus structures and on Chl content and auto-fluorescence. The results obtained suggest that: (1) among the two bionts, the algal partner appears to be more susceptible to Cd stress, probably because of the presence of delicate and sensitive components such as the chloroplast and photosynthetic pigments; (2) a concentration threshold exists for the occurrence of evident structural and functional damage in X. parietina thalli exposed to Cd.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.