The research focuses on urban regeneration as an approach and tool for the transformation of the city, in view of the growing diffusion of an ecological and systemic paradigm for urban planning. This new perspective has opened a path to get away from the rigid and top-down urban planning based on masterplans which can no longer grasp the complex dynamics of the globalized cities of the 21st century. On the contrary, urbanism has become an interdisciplinary practice with the aim of a human-oriented design in order to achieve a full and prosperous sustainable development at the system level, rather than aimed at controlling the urban form only. This new systemic vision of the world and the need to innovate contemporary urban governance tools frame the research from a theoretical point of view. The thesis moves from the studies of Besim Hakim who have unveiled how the growth and shape of the historical cities of the Mediterranean and the Near East have occurred through a process of morphogenesis based on generative aspects that are also common to those of living organisms. Generative aspects led to building programs based on a simple step-by-step procedure, guided and coded as an information algorithm, similar to the one that drives the growth and change of a human embryo. In this analogy, the city is to be considered the embryo and the generative program the information contained in the DNA. The proven quality and efficiency of historical urban forms provide clear and validating evidence of the positive effects of the generative process in the field of urbanism. This motivated the research investigation about the development of a method that supports the adoption of generative programs in urban regeneration processes for historical centres and heritage districts. More specifically, the underlying goal is to ensure the equitable equilibrium of the built environment during the process of change and growth. This can be achieved by establishing fairness in the distribution of rights and responsibilities among the various stakeholders through a generative program that has a set of ethical principles, rules and a decisionmaking system more responsive to the needs of civil society. Thus, the thesis proposes a new approach to urban regeneration based on generative programs. To this end, the research process was conducted through the case study of the Calabria region. Written documents, on-field surveys of historical centres, and in-person interviews were the sources of research that allowed unveiling the traditional building system in vogue in Calabria until the early twentieth century. The study of the components of this building process allowed deriving lessons for the development of a first prototype of a Generic Generative Program for urban regeneration in the Calabria region. This forms the basis of reference for replicating the study for areas that share a similar historical environment, such as the countries of the Mediterranean area. Furthermore, the Generic Model is a starting point for further research focusing on the application of generative programs in modern urban environments. The research concludes by providing information on how to promote today a generative program for urban regeneration initiatives, and how and in what field the adoption of generative concepts derived from local traditions can be used to innovate aspects of urban governance.

La ricerca si concentra sulla rigenerazione urbana in quanto approccio e strumento per la trasformazione della città, nell’ottica della crescente diffusione di un paradigma ecologico e sistemico per la pianificazione urbana. Questa nuova prospettiva ha aperto una strada per allontanarsi da quell’urbanistica della prima epoca, rigida e top-down basata sui masterplans i quali non riescono più a cogliere le complesse dinamiche delle città globalizzate del XXI secolo. Al contrario, l'urbanistica è diventata una pratica interdisciplinare con l'obiettivo di una progettazione orientata alla persona al fine di raggiungere un pieno e prospero sviluppo sostenibile a livello di sistema, piuttosto che finalizzata al controllo della forma urbana. Questa nuova visione sistemica del mondo e la necessità di innovare gli strumenti della governance urbana contemporanea inquadrano la ricerca dal punto di vista teorico. La tesi muove dagli studi di Besim Hakim che hanno svelato come la crescita e la forma delle città storiche del Mediterraneo e del Vicino Oriente siano avvenute attraverso un processo di morfogenesi basato su aspetti generativi che sono anche comuni a quelli degli organismi viventi. Gli aspetti generativi hanno portato alla costruzione di programmi basati su una semplice procedura step-by-step, guidati e codificati come un algoritmo informatico, simile a quello che guida la crescita e il cambiamento di un embrione umano. In questa analogia, la città deve essere considerata l'embrione e il programma generativo l'informazione contenuta nel DNA. La comprovata qualità ed efficienza delle forme urbane storiche forniscono prove chiare e convincenti degli effetti positivi del processo generativo nel campo dell'urbanesimo. Ciò ha motivato l'indagine di ricerca sullo sviluppo di un metodo che supporta l'adozione di programmi generativi nei processi di rigenerazione urbana per i centri storici. Più in particolare, l'obiettivo di fondo di un programma generativo nel settore dell’urbanistica è di garantire l'equo equilibrio dell'ambiente costruito durante il processo di cambiamento e crescita della città. Ciò può essere ottenuto stabilendo equità nella distribuzione dei diritti e delle responsabilità tra i vari soggetti interessati attraverso un programma generativo che ha una serie di principi etici, regole e un sistema decisionale più rispondente alle esigenze della società civile. Pertanto, la tesi propone un nuovo approccio alla rigenerazione urbana basato su programmi generativi. A tal fine, il processo di ricerca è stato condotto attraverso il caso studio della regione Calabria. Documenti scritti, indagini sul campo dei centri storici e interviste sono state le fonti di ricerca che hanno permesso di svelare il tradizionale sistema costruttivo in voga in Calabria fino all'inizio del XX secolo. Lo studio delle componenti di questo processo di costruzione ha permesso di trarre insegnamenti per lo sviluppo di un primo prototipo di un programma generativo generico per la rigenerazione urbana nella regione Calabria. Questo costituisce la base di riferimento per replicare lo studio per aree che condividono un ambiente storico simile, come i paesi dell'area mediterranea. Inoltre, il modello generico è un punto di partenza per ulteriori ricerche incentrate sull'applicazione di programmi generativi in ambienti urbani moderni. La ricerca si conclude fornendo informazioni su come promuovere oggi un programma generativo per iniziative di rigenerazione urbana, e come e in quale ambito l'adozione di concetti generativi derivati dalle tradizioni locali può essere utilizzata per innovare aspetti della governance urbana.

Generative programs for urban regeneration in historical settlements. Deriving lessons from the traditional building system in Calabria, Italy / Minervino, Guglielmo. - (2019 Apr 30).

Generative programs for urban regeneration in historical settlements. Deriving lessons from the traditional building system in Calabria, Italy

MINERVINO, Guglielmo
2019-04-30

Abstract

The research focuses on urban regeneration as an approach and tool for the transformation of the city, in view of the growing diffusion of an ecological and systemic paradigm for urban planning. This new perspective has opened a path to get away from the rigid and top-down urban planning based on masterplans which can no longer grasp the complex dynamics of the globalized cities of the 21st century. On the contrary, urbanism has become an interdisciplinary practice with the aim of a human-oriented design in order to achieve a full and prosperous sustainable development at the system level, rather than aimed at controlling the urban form only. This new systemic vision of the world and the need to innovate contemporary urban governance tools frame the research from a theoretical point of view. The thesis moves from the studies of Besim Hakim who have unveiled how the growth and shape of the historical cities of the Mediterranean and the Near East have occurred through a process of morphogenesis based on generative aspects that are also common to those of living organisms. Generative aspects led to building programs based on a simple step-by-step procedure, guided and coded as an information algorithm, similar to the one that drives the growth and change of a human embryo. In this analogy, the city is to be considered the embryo and the generative program the information contained in the DNA. The proven quality and efficiency of historical urban forms provide clear and validating evidence of the positive effects of the generative process in the field of urbanism. This motivated the research investigation about the development of a method that supports the adoption of generative programs in urban regeneration processes for historical centres and heritage districts. More specifically, the underlying goal is to ensure the equitable equilibrium of the built environment during the process of change and growth. This can be achieved by establishing fairness in the distribution of rights and responsibilities among the various stakeholders through a generative program that has a set of ethical principles, rules and a decisionmaking system more responsive to the needs of civil society. Thus, the thesis proposes a new approach to urban regeneration based on generative programs. To this end, the research process was conducted through the case study of the Calabria region. Written documents, on-field surveys of historical centres, and in-person interviews were the sources of research that allowed unveiling the traditional building system in vogue in Calabria until the early twentieth century. The study of the components of this building process allowed deriving lessons for the development of a first prototype of a Generic Generative Program for urban regeneration in the Calabria region. This forms the basis of reference for replicating the study for areas that share a similar historical environment, such as the countries of the Mediterranean area. Furthermore, the Generic Model is a starting point for further research focusing on the application of generative programs in modern urban environments. The research concludes by providing information on how to promote today a generative program for urban regeneration initiatives, and how and in what field the adoption of generative concepts derived from local traditions can be used to innovate aspects of urban governance.
30-apr-2019
Settore ICAR/21 - URBANISTICA
BEVILACQUA, Carmelina
FUSCHI, Paolo
Doctoral Thesis
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12318/63640
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